我国雾霾成因及防控策略研究

针对近年来我国雾霾频发的现象,通过对我国雾霾现状、污染物来源分析,阐明雾霾成因及危害,并从监测、评价、控制等角度阐述我国雾霾防控策略。     

松花江水体和底泥中的环境激素类等物质的监测研究

通过对不同萃取与净化方法的比较选择,建立了一个同时检测环境介质中(水、沉积物)五种激素类物质与六种本分美内分泌干扰物的气相色谱-质谱联用分析方法,回收率在70%以上,应用此方法对松花江哈尔滨段江水样品和沉积物样品进行分析,结果酚类内分泌干扰物的浓度均远低于世界其他国家和地区,天然和人工合成激素类物质和其他国家和地区浓度相当或略高。     

萃取技术在环境样品处理中的运用

环境监测中环境样品的处理是非常重要的环节。环境样品成分复杂,干扰物质较多,组分的含量较低。传统的萃取方法耗时、耗能、试刘用量大、产生交叉污染,而且操作步骤繁琐。近年来,一些高效萃取技术在环境样品的处理中相继成功运用,为萃取技术的发展提供了广阔的空间。     

《社会生活环境噪声排放标准》应用中应注意的若干问题

本文对《社会生活环境噪声排放标准》在应用中可能遇到的问题进行了分析,通过具体实例提出了解决问题的办法。     

橡胶燃烧事故的应急监测

介绍了福建沙县高砂镇今年"2.12"突发性火灾引发的橡胶燃烧污染事故中,环境监测部门如何有效地开展环境监测,为事故处理指挥部迅速正确地处理事故提供了优质快速的技术支持,并提出做好环境污染应急处置的几点建议。     

污染源监测中样品采集质量控制方法

现场监测及核查的重要环节包括采样点位、采样断面、现场工况等方面。针对这些环节,尤其是废气现场工况核查部分提出质量监控方法,并以现场推算复核的方式有效解决监测现场中经常出现的问题。     

Extending parental mentoring using an event-triggered video intervention in rural teen drivers

Teen drivers are at high risk for car crashes, especially during their first years of licensure. Providing novice teen drivers and their parents with a means of identifying their risky driving maneuvers may help them learn from their mistakes, thereby reducing their crash propensity. During the initial phase of learning, adult or parental supervision often provides such guidance. However, once teens obtain their license, adult supervision is no longer mandated, and teens are left to themselves to continue the learning process. This study is the first of its type to enhance this continued learning process using an event-triggered video device. By pairing this new technology with parental feedback in the form of a weekly video review and graphical report card, we extend parents' ability to teach their teens even after they begin driving independently. Twenty-six 16- to 17-year-old drivers were recruited from a small U.S. Midwestern rural high school. We equipped their vehicles with an event-triggered video device, designed to capture 20-sec clips of the forward and cabin views whenever the vehicle exceeded lateral or forward threshold accelerations. Preliminary findings suggest that combining this emerging technology with parental weekly review of safety-relevant incidents resulted in a significant decrease in events for the more at-risk teen drivers. Implications for how such an intervention could be implemented within GDL are also discussed.     

Monitoring bioaccumulation and toxic e ects of hexachlorobenzene using the polyurethane foam unit method in the microbial communities of the Fuhe River,Wuhan

Hexachlorobenzene （HCB） is a chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon that was widely used for seed dressing in prevention of fungal growth on crops, and also as a component of fireworks, ammunition, and synthetic rubbers. Because of its resistance to degradation and mobility, HCB is widely distributed throughout the environment and is accumulated through food chains in different ecosystems. In this study, a preliminary investigation was carried out on the bioaccumulation and the toxic effects of HCB in the microbial （protozoan in particular） communities in the Fuhe River, Wuhan, a water body receiving industrial wastewaters containing HCB and other pollutants, using the standardized polyurethane foam units （PFU） method. Field samples were taken from eight stations established along the Fuhe River in January and August 2006. The concentration ratios of HCB in microbial communities and in water were 9.66-18.64, and the microbial communities accumulated 13.29-56.88 μg/L of HCB in January and 0.82-10.25 μg/L HCB in August. Correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between the HCB contents in the microbial assemblage, and the number of species and the diversity index of the protozoan communities. This study demonstrated the applicability of the PFU method in monitoring the effects of HCB on the level of microbial communities.     

环境质量监测常规数据管理措施的探讨

环境质量常规监测数据是指在人类活动中产生的与环境相关的原始性、基础性数据,以及按照不同需求系统加工整理的各类数据集。只有加强环境质量常规监测数据（资料）使用的规范化,才能发挥环境质量常规监测数据在各项环境建设、经济和社会发展中的作用,更好地为环境保护事业服务。     

价值工程在环境监测仪器设备建设中的应用

在环境监测仪器设备建设中应用价值工程原理和方法,对仪器设备配置方案进行评估.结果表明,价值工程有利于合理地配置各类仪器设备,选择与其功能相适应的成本价位,充分发挥仪器设备建设资金的使用效益,提高环境监测总体能力.